If the disc herniates near the spinal canal, the nucleus can squeeze out and put pressure on the spinal canal or nerve, causing symptoms that radiate away from the herniation.

As part of the normal aging process, progressive changes develop in the discs that cushion each vertebra.

Directional exercises are a unique treatment for those patients with neck (NP) or low back pain (LBP) found to have a "directional preference."

Practitioners will often recommend following a course of conservative (non-surgical) care, usually at least four to six weeks from the onset of back pain symptoms, before obtaining any type of diagnostic study.

Have you been in a funk, not understanding the reason for your bad moods and lack of energy?

Degenerative changes in the spine are often referred to those that cause the loss of normal structure and/or function.

Sooner or later, your spinal discs – the shock absorbing pads between each vertebra – start to wear out. That can lead to degenerative disc disease (DDD).

Congenital scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine that is caused by a defect that was present at birth.

Congenital muscular torticollis, also called twisted neck or wry neck, is a condition in which an infant holds his or her head tilted to one side and has difficulty turning the head to the opposite side.

A compression fracture, or vertebral compression fracture (VCF), is a common fracture of the spine.