The spine is made up of a series of connected bones called "vertebrae." The disc is a combination of strong connective tissues which hold one vertebra to the next and acts as a cushion between the vertebrae.

A herniated disk is a condition that can occur anywhere along the spine, but it most often occurs in the lower back.

Follow the link to view an animation of herniation in a vertebral disk.

A herniated disk is a condition that can occur anywhere along the spine, but most often occurs in the lower back.

The vertebrae are connected by a disc and two small joints called "facet" joints. As you get older, the center of the disc may start to lose water content, making the disc less effective as a cushion. As a disc deteriorates, the outer layer can also tear.

If there is pain at one or more levels due to disc degeneration, the adjoining segments can be fused together to limit motion and stabilize the segment.

Spinal fractures can vary widely in severity. Some fractures are very serious injuries that result from high-energy trauma and require emergency treatment.

Flatback syndrome was initially described in a series of patients who had been treated with Harrington spinal instrumentation.

‘Sagittal’ is a medical term associated with the Sagittal Plane, which refers to the appearance of the spine when viewed from the side.

Every illness has its own unique set of challenges, but there’s something about an “invisible illness” that has even more hurdles.